{"id":1595,"date":"2022-10-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-10-05T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rbcwealthmanagement.com\/fr-ca\/2022\/10\/05\/why-your-art-collection-should-be-part-of-your-estate-planning\/"},"modified":"2024-10-22T12:00:44","modified_gmt":"2024-10-22T16:00:44","slug":"why-your-art-collection-should-be-part-of-your-estate-planning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rbcwealthmanagement.com\/fr-ca\/insights\/why-your-art-collection-should-be-part-of-your-estate-planning","title":{"rendered":"La collection d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art, partie prenante d\u2019un plan successoral"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Comme le savent tous les collectionneurs d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art, l\u2019attrait de l\u2019art r\u00e9side dans ce qu\u2019il vous fait ressentir. Cependant, les sensations ne se transmettent pas facilement d\u2019une g\u00e9n\u00e9ration \u00e0 l\u2019autre. Une collection qu\u2019une personne a mis des d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 constituer peut \u00eatre accueillie avec ambivalence par la prochaine g\u00e9n\u00e9ration, et l\u2019importance personnelle d\u2019une \u0153uvre d\u2019art particuli\u00e8re peut ais\u00e9ment s\u2019estomper \u00e0 la mort de son propri\u00e9taire. C\u2019est pourquoi l\u2019art fait l\u2019objet de nuances lorsqu\u2019il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un avoir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab L\u2019art est un sujet d\u00e9licat. Contrairement \u00e0 d\u2019autres composantes d\u2019une succession, il peut s\u2019agir d\u2019un avoir tr\u00e8s personnel et \u00e9motionnel \u00bb, affirme Leanne Kaufman, pr\u00e9sidente et cheffe de la direction de RBC Trust Royal<\/a>. Ce lien \u00e9motionnel peut en faire la partie d\u2019un h\u00e9ritage qu\u2019il est \u00e0 la fois urgent et compliqu\u00e9 de pr\u00e9server, ce qui fait que les collectionneurs remettent \u00e0 plus tard la conversation sur la place de l\u2019art dans leur succession.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u2019apr\u00e8s le rapport Art et finance 2023 de Deloitte<\/em>, le transfert de patrimoine implique de plus en plus d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art et d\u2019objets de collection. Toutefois, seulement 24 % des collectionneurs interrog\u00e9s ont un plan \u00e0 long terme pour leurs collections, ce qui indique un besoin accru de discussions sur l\u2019art et la planification successorale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toutefois, vous pourriez alt\u00e9rer votre h\u00e9ritage en ne tenant pas compte des \u0153uvres d\u2019art dans votre planification successorale. \u00ab Si la question n\u2019est pas abord\u00e9e sp\u00e9cifiquement dans le testament, ou si d\u2019autres dispositions ne sont pas prises, les \u0153uvres d\u2019art se retrouveront dans le reliquat de la succession \u00bb, soutient Mme<\/sup> Kaufman. Les avoirs restants \u2013 soit le reste de la succession apr\u00e8s des legs d\u2019avoirs particuliers et le paiement des dettes, frais et imp\u00f4ts \u2013 sont distribu\u00e9s aux b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires du reliquat, et si ceux-ci sont d\u00e9sign\u00e9s comme une cat\u00e9gorie, par exemple \u00ab mes enfants \u00bb ou \u00ab mes neveux et ni\u00e8ces \u00bb, il faudra d\u00e9cider qui recevra les \u0153uvres d\u2019art. Il est souvent difficile de diviser les \u0153uvres d\u2019art en parts \u00e9gales de cette fa\u00e7on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si votre collection d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art est importante, il faut prendre les mesures appropri\u00e9es de planification de l\u2019h\u00e9ritage pour la prot\u00e9ger au profit des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations futures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Laissez-nous vous guider<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Parlez avec un professionnel RBC Trust Royal pour en savoir plus sur nos services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nDEMANDER UN APPEL<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n

Dressez un inventaire d\u00e9taill\u00e9 de votre collection d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape pour pr\u00e9server une collection d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art dans le cadre de votre plan patrimonial et successoral consiste \u00e0 dresser un inventaire clair dans une base de donn\u00e9es d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art. \u00ab Il y a certains param\u00e8tres \u00e0 respecter \u00bb, affirme Sara Johnson, vice-pr\u00e9sidente, Planification de legs, Successions, \u0153uvres d\u2019art et actifs num\u00e9riques, Services de planification, Client\u00e8le fortun\u00e9e \u2013 International chez RBC Gestion de patrimoine au Canada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le syst\u00e8me d\u2019identification d\u2019objet Getty, l\u2019un des param\u00e8tres reconnus internationalement sur le march\u00e9 des \u0153uvres d\u2019art et des antiquit\u00e9s, comporte neuf cat\u00e9gories de renseignements allant du type d\u2019objet, de son titre, de la date ou de la p\u00e9riode, aux mat\u00e9riaux et techniques, caract\u00e9ristiques distinctives et proportions. \u00ab Vous avez besoin d\u2019une description minutieuse et pr\u00e9cise qui identifie l\u2019objet comme une \u0153uvre d\u2019art ou un objet de collection, et d\u2019autant de preuves que possible de sa provenance remontant \u00e0 l\u2019artiste \u00bb, explique Mme<\/sup> Johnson. La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape pour d\u00e9cider de la prochaine destination d\u2019une \u0153uvre d\u2019art en particulier consiste \u00e0 savoir comment elle est arriv\u00e9e dans une collection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Discutez avec votre famille de votre plan successoral concernant votre collection d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Selon Mme<\/sup> Johnson, les donn\u00e9es brutes inscrites dans une base de donn\u00e9es d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art repr\u00e9sentent le strict minimum. Le r\u00e9cit est un aspect tout aussi important de la pr\u00e9servation d\u2019une collection, surtout lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de convaincre la nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de ce qui rend l\u2019\u0153uvre significative. \u00ab J\u2019ai connu un collectionneur qui, dans des enregistrements, parlait des raisons pour lesquelles il avait achet\u00e9 chaque \u0153uvre et de son importance \u00bb, dit-elle. \u00ab La famille \u00e9tait stup\u00e9faite, car il a ainsi rendu la collection tellement plus vivante. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le processus de planification successorale permet des conversations franches concernant les intentions du propri\u00e9taire d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art et celles des h\u00e9ritiers qui devraient les recevoir \u00e0 son d\u00e9c\u00e8s. Dans certains cas, il est possible que la nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration ne souhaite pas conserver la collection d\u2019art de la famille. L\u2019intention est peut-\u00eatre de c\u00e9der la collection \u00e0 un mus\u00e9e, de la vendre \u00e0 un autre collectionneur priv\u00e9 ou de construire un nouveau mus\u00e9e pour abriter la collection \u00bb, explique Mme<\/sup> Johnson. \u00ab Si vous n\u2019avez pas d\u2019entretiens \u00e9clair\u00e9s avec ces institutions, elles pourraient utiliser la collection selon leur mod\u00e8le standard [droits], ce qui risque de vous d\u00e9cevoir. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les discussions avec votre famille de votre plan successoral concernant votre collection d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art constituent le fondement d\u2019une strat\u00e9gie officielle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne n\u00e9gligez aucun param\u00e8tre<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Si l\u2019art est subjectif, des consid\u00e9rations tr\u00e8s particuli\u00e8res s\u2019appliquent au traitement d\u2019une collection d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art dans le cadre d\u2019une succession. \u00ab En tant qu\u2019ex\u00e9cuteur testamentaire ou liquidateur, ou que personne qui contribue au r\u00e8glement de la succession d\u2019un particulier, vous devez savoir ce que vous faites en ce qui concerne les \u0153uvres d\u2019art \u00bb, explique Mme<\/sup> Kaufman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parmi les aspects pratiques \u00e0 prendre en compte, mentionnons la fa\u00e7on dont la collection est entrepos\u00e9e, assur\u00e9e et transport\u00e9e. \u00ab Il y a beaucoup de d\u00e9tails rien que pour le volet pratique \u00bb, ajoute-t-elle. \u00ab Comment l\u2019\u00e9valuez-vous aux fins de l\u2019homologation ou de l\u2019imp\u00f4t ? Vous avez besoin d\u2019une personne de confiance, un expert du domaine qui peut aussi effectuer cette \u00e9valuation. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La propri\u00e9t\u00e9 est une autre question importante. De l\u2019avis de Mme<\/sup> Kaufman, il est important de pr\u00e9ciser dans votre plan successoral si l\u2019\u0153uvre d\u2019art constitue un don pur et simple \u00e0 une personne qui peut en faire ce qu\u2019elle veut ou si elle s\u2019inscrit dans un plan de legs plus vaste. Dans le second cas, une fiducie peut repr\u00e9senter un outil pr\u00e9cieux pour tracer le parcours de la collection et la mettre \u00e0 l\u2019abri des cr\u00e9anciers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Il existe des cons\u00e9quences fiscales auxquelles les gens ne pensent pas n\u00e9cessairement \u00bb, ajoute Mme<\/sup> Kaufman. \u00ab Le bien s\u2019est probablement appr\u00e9ci\u00e9, de sorte qu\u2019il pourrait y avoir un gain en capital \u00e0 payer. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour sa part, Mme<\/sup> Johnson fait remarquer qu\u2019en connaissant la valeur de la collection et sa destination pr\u00e9vue, vous pouvez d\u00e9terminer s\u2019il est logique d\u2019en faire don \u00e0 la famille, \u00e0 un mus\u00e9e ou \u00e0 un organisme de bienfaisance de votre vivant ou \u00e0 votre d\u00e9c\u00e8s. Mais surtout, selon elle, la planification successorale est une question d\u2019h\u00e9ritage plut\u00f4t que de cons\u00e9quences fiscales. \u00ab Vous n\u2019avez aucune id\u00e9e de la valeur qu\u2019aura une \u0153uvre d\u2019art \u00e0 votre d\u00e9c\u00e8s. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Faites honneur \u00e0 votre collection d\u2019une fa\u00e7on qui vous convient<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tout comme d\u2019autres biens, les \u0153uvres d\u2019art doivent faire l\u2019objet d\u2019une g\u00e9rance et d\u2019une planification qui vont bien au-del\u00e0 des consid\u00e9rations fiscales et juridiques. Pour les collectionneurs, elles peuvent raconter une histoire, et leur sens d\u00e9pend de la pr\u00e9servation de cette histoire. Mme<\/sup> Johnson affirme toutefois que dans certains cas, la valeur \u00e9motionnelle d\u2019une \u0153uvre peut \u00eatre n\u00e9glig\u00e9e quand vient le moment de distribuer les biens de la succession \u00e0 la prochaine g\u00e9n\u00e9ration. Cette situation peut provoquer des tensions entre les membres de la famille qui estiment que la succession est divis\u00e9e de fa\u00e7on in\u00e9gale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Donc, \u00e0 moins qu\u2019il n\u2019y ait une introduction et un r\u00e9cit clairs des collectionneurs \u00e0 l\u2019intention de leur famille et de leurs enfants, rien de tout cela n\u2019est pris en compte du point de vue de la comptabilit\u00e9 \u00bb, souligne Mme<\/sup> Johnson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019inclusion de votre collection d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art dans votre plan patrimonial et successoral peut contribuer \u00e0 att\u00e9nuer les tensions et \u00e0 faire participer la prochaine g\u00e9n\u00e9ration \u00e0 la discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis \u00e0 jour en novembre 2025.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les collections d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art constituent un \u00e9l\u00e9ment successoral ayant une forte valeur \u00e9motionnelle. Voici comment assurer un transfert sans accroc \u00e0 la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration suivante.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":1597,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"rbcwm_post_date":"","editor_notices":[],"rbc_url_alias":"","rbcwm_featured_desktop_image_position":"","rbcwm_featured_mobile_image_position":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[513],"tags":[258,259,68,145,665,827,826],"rbcwm_content_owner":[677],"rbcwm_need":[547],"rbcwm_segment":[538,537],"rbcwm_solution":[550,554],"rbcwm_topic":[551],"rbcwm_channel":[],"rbcwm_format":[],"class_list":["post-1595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-planification-successorale","tag-art-collection","tag-art-market","tag-estate-planning","tag-legacy-planning","tag-planification-successorale-au-canada","tag-succession","tag-votre-collection-doeuvres-dart","rbcwm_content_owner-royal-trust","rbcwm_need-preservation","rbcwm_segment-particuliers-et-familles","rbcwm_segment-proprietaires-dentreprise-et-entrepreneurs","rbcwm_solution-planification-de-patrimoine","rbcwm_solution-successions-et-fiducies","rbcwm_topic-votre-patrimoine"],"acf":{"rbcwm_subtitle":"Les collections d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art constituent un \u00e9l\u00e9ment successoral ayant une forte valeur \u00e9motionnelle. 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