{"id":28529,"date":"2026-03-13T11:18:10","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T15:18:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rbcwealthmanagement.com\/fr-ca\/?p=28529"},"modified":"2026-04-21T11:17:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T15:17:13","slug":"how-canadians-can-avoid-costly-us-tax-surprises","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rbcwealthmanagement.com\/fr-ca\/insights\/how-canadians-can-avoid-costly-us-tax-surprises","title":{"rendered":"Comment les Canadiens peuvent \u00e9viter les mauvaises surprises li\u00e9es aux imp\u00f4ts am\u00e9ricains"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pour de nombreux Canadiens, les \u00c9tats-Unis sont plus qu\u2019une destination de vacances. C\u2019est un endroit o\u00f9 ils sont propri\u00e9taires d\u2019immeubles et d\u2019autres placements, font des affaires et passent beaucoup de temps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u2009Chaque fois que vous int\u00e9grez ces sc\u00e9narios \u00e0 votre profil financier, vous devez composer avec des incidences fiscales potentielles aux \u00c9tats-Unis\u2009\u00bb, affirme John Waters, comptable professionnel agr\u00e9\u00e9, planificateur financier agr\u00e9\u00e9 et vice-pr\u00e9sident, Services-conseils fiscaux, RBC Gestion de patrimoine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019un des principaux risques est la double imposition, lorsque l\u2019Agence du revenu du Canada (ARC) et l\u2019Internal Revenu Service (IRS) des \u00c9tats-Unis imposent des revenus tir\u00e9s de la m\u00eame source. Les d\u00e9fis ne sont pas seulement li\u00e9s \u00e0 une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tenue aux \u00c9tats-Unis ou \u00e0 des placements am\u00e9ricains en portefeuille. Selon la dur\u00e9e de son s\u00e9jour au sud de la fronti\u00e8re, un Canadien peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un r\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis aux fins de l\u2019imp\u00f4t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les particuliers ont tendance \u00e0 acheter des biens immobiliers aux \u00c9tats-Unis avant de se poser la question des imp\u00f4ts, explique Anneke\u00a0Keenleyside, premi\u00e8re directrice g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, Banque priv\u00e9e, RBC, Toronto. \u00ab\u2009Je dis \u00e0 mes clients qu\u2019avant de prendre toute d\u00e9cision importante comme l\u2019acquisition d\u2019une r\u00e9sidence de vacances, ils devraient consulter leur \u00e9quipe de Banque priv\u00e9e afin de s\u2019assurer qu\u2019ils ont un plan appropri\u00e9 pour \u00e9viter de mauvaises surprises fiscales.\u2009\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les banquiers priv\u00e9s peuvent int\u00e9grer des solutions de gestion de patrimoine transfronti\u00e8re \u00e0 leurs services pour que les clients puissent effectuer des op\u00e9rations bancaires aux \u00c9tats-Unis en toute confiance et de fa\u00e7on efficiente, au besoin. Ils peuvent \u00e9galement aider les clients \u00e0 prendre des d\u00e9cisions \u00e9clair\u00e9es pour que leurs actifs aux \u00c9tats-Unis soient en accord avec leur profil financier g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les questions transfronti\u00e8res peuvent \u00eatre complexes, comme en t\u00e9moigne le test de d\u00e9termination de la r\u00e9sidence fiscale. De nombreux Canadiens ne comprennent pas bien les nuances, souligne Mme Keenleyside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les personnes qui passent plus de 183 jours par ann\u00e9e aux \u00c9tats-Unis risquent d\u2019\u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme des r\u00e9sidents am\u00e9ricains, mais le test est assez complexe et comprend deux parties. La premi\u00e8re consiste \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer si un visiteur a pass\u00e9 plus de 30 jours aux \u00c9tats-Unis pendant l\u2019ann\u00e9e en cours. Si c\u2019est le cas, la deuxi\u00e8me partie pr\u00e9voit un calcul sur une p\u00e9riode mobile de trois ans dont le r\u00e9sultat ne doit pas d\u00e9passer 183 jours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le calcul consiste \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer le nombre de jours total o\u00f9 vous avez \u00e9t\u00e9 physiquement pr\u00e9sent aux \u00c9tats-Unis pendant l\u2019ann\u00e9e en cours, le tiers des jours que vous y avez pass\u00e9s l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente, et le sixi\u00e8me des jours que vous y avez pass\u00e9s l\u2019ann\u00e9e d\u2019avant. \u00ab\u2009La r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale consiste \u00e0 ne pas s\u00e9journer aux \u00c9tats-Unis plus de 120 jours par ann\u00e9e\u2009\u00bb, explique Mme Keenleyside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Compte tenu des r\u00e9percussions et du risque de confusion, l\u2019\u00e9quipe Banque priv\u00e9e de RBC interroge r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement les clients sur leurs voyages aux \u00c9tats-Unis et sur les op\u00e9rations financi\u00e8res au-del\u00e0 des portefeuilles de placement. \u00ab\u2009Nous avons l\u2019\u00e9quipe et les ressources n\u00e9cessaires pour att\u00e9nuer les risques fiscaux et autres risques associ\u00e9s aux \u00c9tats-Unis\u2009\u00bb, explique Mme Keenleyside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Banque priv\u00e9e peut mettre les clients en contact avec ses nombreux sp\u00e9cialistes fiscaux, tels que M. Waters et son \u00e9quipe. \u00ab\u2009Nous pouvons sensibiliser les clients aux probl\u00e8mes, leur pr\u00e9senter les r\u00e8gles fiscales applicables et discuter des diverses strat\u00e9gies envisageables, avec l\u2019aide de leurs conseillers externes, en fonction de leur situation\u2009\u00bb, ajoute-t-il.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Banque priv\u00e9e peut \u00e9galement fournir des conseils sur d\u2019autres aspects complexes des actifs aux \u00c9tats-Unis, notamment en ce qui a trait \u00e0 l\u2019imp\u00f4t successoral am\u00e9ricain, et, au besoin, mettre les clients en contact avec des sp\u00e9cialistes en fiscalit\u00e9 transfronti\u00e8re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u2009Le fait d\u2019\u00eatre propri\u00e9taire d\u2019un immeuble locatif aux \u00c9tats-Unis ou de vendre un bien immobilier am\u00e9ricain entra\u00eene d\u2019autres complications\u2009\u00bb, ajoute M. Waters, en mentionnant le risque de retenues fiscales \u00e9lev\u00e9es si les particuliers ne remplissent pas les bons formulaires de l\u2019IRS \u00e0 temps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019imp\u00f4t am\u00e9ricain sur le revenu de source am\u00e9ricaine peut \u00eatre admissible \u00e0 un cr\u00e9dit d\u2019imp\u00f4t \u00e9tranger permettant de r\u00e9duire l\u2019imp\u00f4t canadien exigible, mais il existe toujours un risque de perte fiscale. \u00c9tablissez un plan d\u00e8s le d\u00e9part pour r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts suppl\u00e9mentaires et les maux de t\u00eate souvent li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019achat, \u00e0 la location ou \u00e0 la vente de biens immobiliers aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Une planification ad\u00e9quate peut assurer une structure de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 appropri\u00e9e, avec des incidences fiscales coordonn\u00e9es des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de la fronti\u00e8re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour les Canadiens, l\u2019exposition au risque fiscal des \u00c9tats-Unis peut varier. Toutefois, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse de tirer un revenu de la location d\u2019une r\u00e9sidence de vacances \u00e0 temps partiel, de l\u2019achat ou de la vente d\u2019un bien immobilier aux \u00c9tats-Unis ou d\u2019autres placements, ou encore de passer l\u2019hiver dans la \u00ab\u2009Ceinture de soleil\u2009\u00bb, M. Waters affirme qu\u2019il est primordial d\u2019obtenir des conseils au moment opportun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u2009Consultez toujours votre banquier priv\u00e9 au sujet de votre situation, afin qu\u2019il puisse travailler avec vous et vos conseillers fiscaux et juridiques externes pour \u00e9tablir un plan \u00e0 l\u2019avance afin d\u2019\u00e9viter des pi\u00e8ges co\u00fbteux.\u2009\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

D\u00e9couvrez comment <\/em>Banque priv\u00e9e<\/em><\/a> peut aider les hivernants et les Canadiens ayant un lien avec les \u00c9tats-Unis en fonction de leurs besoins financiers et fiscaux transfronti\u00e8res sp\u00e9cifiques.<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019origine dans <\/em>le Globe and Mail<\/em> <\/a>. (Note<\/strong> : L\u2019article est en anglais.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pour les Canadiens qui entretiennent des liens financiers avec les \u00c9tats-Unis, comprendre la double imposition, les r\u00e8gles de r\u00e9sidence et les obligations de d\u00e9claration peut aider \u00e0 bien se pr\u00e9parer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":28536,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"rbcwm_post_date":"","editor_notices":[],"rbc_url_alias":"","rbcwm_featured_desktop_image_position":"","rbcwm_featured_mobile_image_position":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[525,517],"tags":[1112,1109,1111,1110],"rbcwm_content_owner":[1134],"rbcwm_need":[548],"rbcwm_segment":[538],"rbcwm_solution":[550],"rbcwm_topic":[551],"rbcwm_channel":[],"rbcwm_format":[],"class_list":["post-28529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-strategies-fiscales","category-vos-finances","tag-la-double-imposition","tag-les-impots","tag-strategies-fiscales","tag-taxes-americaines","rbcwm_content_owner-private-banking","rbcwm_need-dons-de-charite","rbcwm_segment-particuliers-et-familles","rbcwm_solution-planification-de-patrimoine","rbcwm_topic-votre-patrimoine"],"acf":{"rbcwm_subtitle":"Pour les Canadiens qui entretiennent des liens financiers avec les \u00c9tats-Unis, comprendre la double imposition, les r\u00e8gles de r\u00e9sidence et les obligations de d\u00e9claration peut aider \u00e0 bien se pr\u00e9parer.","rbcwm_post_author":"","rbcwm_custom_breadcrumb_text":"","rbcwm_custom_breadcrumb_link_url":"","rbcwm_disclaimers":{"add_disclosures":"","perspective_disclaimer":"","expandable":"","omit_from_pages":"","disclaimer_footnote":"Ce document n\u2019est qu\u2019une source d\u2019information g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et ne vise pas \u00e0 fournir des conseils particuliers sur les placements, les imp\u00f4ts ou les assurances ou sur les questions d\u2019ordre juridique ou financier. Nous n\u2019avons m\u00e9nag\u00e9 aucun effort pour en assurer l\u2019exactitude au moment de sa publication, mais nous ne pouvons en garantir l\u2019exactitude ou l\u2019exhaustivit\u00e9. Les taux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat, l\u2019\u00e9volution du march\u00e9, la r\u00e9glementation fiscale et divers autres facteurs touchant les placements sont susceptibles de changer rapidement. Vous devriez consulter votre conseiller fiscal, votre conseiller en assurance, votre comptable ou votre conseiller juridique avant de prendre toute d\u00e9cision fond\u00e9e sur le contenu de cet article.<\/em>\r\n\r\n "},"rbcwm_insight_cta_id":[10888],"rbcwm_pagination":{"next_link":"","next_link_text":"Next article","previous_link":"","previous_link_text":"Previous article"},"rbcwm_video_duration":"","article_time":"","rbcwm_enable_toc":false,"rbcwm_toc_selector":"h2"},"yoast_head":"\nComment les Canadiens peuvent \u00e9viter les mauvaises surprises li\u00e9es aux imp\u00f4ts am\u00e9ricains<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pour les Canadiens qui entretiennent des liens financiers avec les \u00c9tats-Unis, comprendre la double imposition, les r\u00e8gles de r\u00e9sidence et les obligations de d\u00e9claration peut aider \u00e0 bien se pr\u00e9parer.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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